SOCIAL, CULTURAL, AND SPIRITUAL BASED GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING SERVICE STRATEGY

Abstract

Guidance and counseling is an integral part of education that functions to help students develop their potential, understand themselves, and adapt to social, cultural, and spiritual environments. In the era of globalization, educational challenges are increasingly complex, including rapid social change, cultural diversity, and the need for spiritual values. This article aims to analyze strategies for developing guidance and counseling services that are relevant to these dynamics through a social, cultural, spiritual, and holistic approach. The research method uses a literature study with a descriptive qualitative approach to 15 literatures (14 journal articles and 1 book) published in the last 5 years, analyzed using content analysis techniques. The study results indicate that guidance and counseling services are effective when integrating: (1) social skills and social media management, (2) local wisdom and cultural sensitivity, (3) universal spiritual values, and (4) a holistic-multicultural approach. Empirical findings reveal that counselors need to strengthen multicultural, digital, and spiritual competencies to create inclusive and contextual services . The implications of the study highlight the need for school policies that support the development of local culture-based guidance and counselor training in facing the challenges of the digital era. In conclusion, responsive, inclusive, and transformative guidance and counseling services are needed to shape students with character, resilience, and global competitiveness.