Proceeding of International Joint Conference on UNESA
Optimizing the Visual Identity of MSMEs through Artificial Intelligence at UPT Pengembangan Mutu Produk Industri dan Teknologi Kreatif Surabaya
This community engagement program aims to strengthen the visual identity of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) through the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based design tools. Conducted in collaboration with UPT Pengembangan Mutu Produk Industri dan Teknologi Kreatif (PMPI-TK) Surabaya, the project responds to common challenges faced by MSMEs, including lack of branding knowledge, inconsistent visual design, and limited access to creative technology. The program was carried out in three phases: qualitative analysis through interviews and focus group discussions to identify specific branding obstacles; workshop-based training introducing AI tools such as Canva AI, Looka, and Adobe Firefly; and pilot implementation in which participants developed brand identity assets tailored to their products. Results indicate that 87% of the 15 participants demonstrated an improved ability to conceptualize and produce consistent brand assets after the workshops. The project also introduced basic legal literacy regarding intellectual property protection. By integrating AI and participatory training, the initiative offers a sustainable model for MSME empowerment in the digital economy.
Copyright (c) 2025 Proceeding of International Joint Conference on UNESA
The L1 Influence on Phonological Aspects of Bahasa Indonesia Acquisition as L3 in BIPA Students: A Cross-Linguistic Influence Study
This study aims to analyze the influence of L1 on the phonological aspect in the acquisition of BI as an L3 in BIPA students. This study uses a qualitative method to analyze the influence of L1 phonological aspects in the acquisition of BI as L3 in BIPA students. The subjects of this study were 18 BIPA students in BIPA at the Universitas Negeri Surabaya (Unesa) and UPN "Veteran" Jawa Timur. The subjects came from 3 countries, namely South Korea, Thailand, and Malaysia. There are three L1s in this study: Malay and Korean. The data collection was carried out using elicitation techniques and participant observation. This study shows that students with L1 Malay often change the pronunciation of vowels and consonants, such as pronouncing the sound [a] at the end of a word into [ǝ] or [o], replacing the sounds [t] and [d] at the end of a word with glottal sounds, and eliminating the sounds [r] and [l] at the end of a word. Meanwhile, students with L1 Korean have difficulty pronouncing the sound [r] and replace it with a [ɹ]. Korean students also add the sound [ǝ] after the sounds [s] and [r] at the end of a word. This study highlights the importance of pronunciation in teaching BI because this can hinder the mastery of proper phonology and have an impact on fluency and understanding of oral communication.
Re-Examination of Verb-Predicated Sentence Structure: A Household Syntax Perspective
Sentence, as a system, consists of several parts in the form of words that are interrelated with each other to form a unity, thereby creating a sentence system. However, there is no clear concept determining a sentence formulation as a system. This research aims to formulate the system formula in verb-predicated sentences with the analogy of the household system. This descriptive qualitative research discusses the theory of formulation. The result is the concept of a sentence system formula. From the results of the theoretical study and discussion, it can be explained that in verb-predicated sentences, the system formula can be analogous to a household consisting of a mother, biological children, and adopted children. These three parts form a single unit that constitutes a family system. The mother is a part of the household that controls both biological and adopted children. In the sentence, the predicate acts as the mother, while the subject and object are analogous to biological children, and adverbs and complements are analogous to adopted children. The predicate controls the existence of the subject and object because the predicate creates both. The decisive syntactic role of the subject and object is the predicate. The predicate does not make adverbs and complements, but their existence is parallel to the subject and object. Adverbs and complements bind themselves to the predicate through the syntactic roles they carry. Syntactic functions can be positioned as subject and object, while adverbs and complements are not syntactic functions, but both are parallel to syntactic functions.
The Role of Digital Catalogs in Preserving Pacitan Batik Cultural Heritage
Preservation of cultural heritage is key to maintaining national identity amidst globalization. Pacitan Batik, as part of a local culture rich in aesthetic and historical values, faces challenges in terms of regeneration and documentation. This study aims to identify the role of digital catalogs in preserving Pacitan batik and analyze its impact on society and the younger generation. Using a qualitative approach with a case study method in the Woro Srikandi Pacitan batik home industry, data were collected through interviews, observations, and document analysis. The results of the study indicate that digital catalogs not only function as documentation media, but also as a means of education and promotion. This catalog expands access to information about batik, increases cultural awareness, and supports learning and development of digital skills. However, limited infrastructure and digital literacy are still major obstacles. Therefore, synergy between artisans, government, educational institutions, and the community is needed to optimize the use of digital catalogs. In conclusion, digital catalogs have great potential in maintaining the sustainability of Pacitan Batik and can be a model for technology-based cultural preservation in other regions.
Empowering Educators to Promote Schools through AI and Creative Design
Decentering Subject Antropocentric in East Java Folklore: An Antropo-Posthumanist
The research in this article aims to change and expand the perspective of folklore research in Indonesia, from an anthropocentric to a posthumanist perspective, this is done by using critical posthumanist theory with a focus on 1) how decentering subjects are displayed in folklore in East Java, and 2) Reconstructing relationship subject in folklore in East Java. This research uses a qualitative narrative approach, this helps researchers to describe the structure and explain the meaning of folklore about the role and relationship between non-human subjects and humans. The data source used is folklore in East Java Province, Indonesia. The data were analysed through several stages, 1) identification, 2) classification, and 3) interpretation. This research resulted in the finding that folklore in East Java has an alternative point of view in understanding the relationship between humans and ‘non-humans’, humans are understood not as a single subject that determines everything, but are understood as subjects connected to ‘non-human’ subjects.
Preservation of Hui Musical Instruments from Ngada Regency, Flores, Nusa Tenggara Timur
This study discusses the preservation of traditional Hui musical instruments in Bena Village, Ngada Regency, East Nusa Tenggara, as an integral part of the cultural identity of the local community. Hui music plays an important role in traditional ceremonies, the transmission of cultural values, and the formation of social cohesion. However, modernization and the lack of regeneration of the younger generation are major challenges in maintaining its sustainability. This study uses a qualitative-descriptive approach with data collection through literature studies and limited field observations. The results of the study indicate that the preservation of Hui music requires the active involvement of the local community through training, traditional festivals, and integration into formal and informal education. In addition, the use of digital technology in documentation and information dissemination is a potential strategy in maintaining the existence of this traditional music. The conclusion of this study emphasizes that the preservation of Hui musical instruments is not only relevant as a cultural effort, but also as a strategy for character education and cultural identity in the midst of globalization.
The Dynamics of Ideology in MSIB Kampus Merdeka: An Analysis of Its Influence on Design Students' Competencies
Higher education in Indonesia faces challenges in improving the competencies of graduates, particularly in design education that demands not only technical skills, but also critical and creative thinking skills. The Magang dan Studi Independen Bersertifikat Program (MSIB) in the Kampus Merdeka policy is one of the strategic initiatives to address these challenges. This study aims to analyze in depth the dynamics of the ideology contained in the implementation of the MSIB program as well as its influence on the development of the competencies of design students. The method used is a qualitative approach with bibliometric analysis techniques of relevant literature from Google Scholar and Scopus databases in the span of 2021—2025. The results show that although the literature discusses the strengthening of professional competencies through MSIB, the ideological aspects inherent in the program and their impact on design education are still rarely studied. These findings reveal a gap in the literature related to the integration of educational ideology with the development of critical and creative abilities of design students. The study concludes that ideologies within MSIB have great potential in shaping students' ways of thinking, but that more structured ideological integration is needed in order for design education to produce graduates who are not only technically competent, but also innovative and reflective in the face of the challenges of the working world. These studies made important contributions in the development of more responsive and holistic design education curricula, as well as being the basis for the formulation of more effective higher education policies.
Analysis of Physical Fitness Level of Elementary Students Using Multistage Fitness Test
This study analyzes the physical fitness levels of elementary school students using the Multistage Fitness Test (MFT). A sample of 10 randomly selected students from various elementary schools in Surabaya participated in the test, which measures aerobic capacity through a series of running intervals. The findings revealed that most students fell within the less to moderate fitness categories, indicating a need for improved physical activities within schools. The study highlights the positive correlation between physical fitness and academic performance, emphasizing the importance of regular exercise in enhancing cognitive functions. Recommendations for schools include implementing organized fitness programs to foster better health and academic outcomes.
What are the Factors that Influence Athletes' Achievement Motivation? A Systematic Literature Review
Someone who makes sports a profession is called an athlete. An athlete's achievement is 80% influenced by mental aspects and only 20% by other aspects, so mental aspects must be managed properly, systematically and planned. One of the mental aspects is achievement motivation. Sports achievement motivation is one of the psychological aspects that plays an important role for sports people, motivation can come from within the individual and from outside the individual. Objective: To determine the factors that cause achievement motivation in athletes To investigate efforts in bringing up achievement motivation among Indonesia athlete. Methods: This research employs a qualitative approach utilizing the Systematic Literature Review method. The analytical unit in this study comprises journal articles gathered during the search process via “Garuda (http://garuda.kemdikbud.go.id/)” by utilizing the keywords “Motivasi Berprestasi” & “Atlet”. Results: The researchers identified 62 articles using the keyword “Motivasi Berprestasi” & “Atlet” throughout 2020 - 2025 on the website “Garuda”. Twenty-three articles were incorporated into this study. The literature review procedure uses the PRISMA model. Based on the selection results according to the 2020 PRISMA guidelines, 23 articles were obtained that were feasible and in accordance with the criteria and research objectives to be analyzed. Conclusion: Based on the analysis of 23 articles, there are many factors that cause athletes' achievement motivation, namely interpersonal communication, social support, self-confidence, self-efficacy, goal setting, parental support, mental toughness, resilience, self-concept, friend support, perception, and self-talk.
The Effectiveness of Psychological Skill Training for Volleyball Athlete in Improving Ability and Forming Character (Personality)
This study explored the effectiveness of psychological skills training in improving the ability and character building of Volleyball athletes. Using quantitative methods and an experimental design, 38 Volleyball athletes underwent training for eight weeks with a frequency of three times a week. The training included mental development techniques such as visualization, stress management, and goal setting. The results of the analysis showed significant improvements in the aspects of motivation, self-confidence, mental preparation, and team emphasis (p < 0.05). In addition, there was a significant relationship between cognitive ability and cooperation with psychological skills, indicating that character and ability contribute to athletes' mental preparedness. These findings confirm the importance of integrating psychological training in athlete development programs to improve performance and build collaborative character.
Lecturer Behavior Plays an Important Role in Increasing Student Motivation and Academic Achievement of College Students: A Sistematic Review
The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of lecturer behavior and the relationship between lecturers and students on student academic achievement. The research method used is a systematic review of journal articles and proceedings of Google Scholar, Scopus, Web Of Science and PubMed databases. The combination of keywords used is that a lecturer's behavior plays a role in increasing student learning motivation and academic achievement. The researcher uses a framework with inclusion criteria, namely the importance of lecturer behavior in increasing student learning motivation and academic achievement. The results of this study state that, based on the analysis of selected articles, 7 out of 10 research articles concluded that there was a significant impact of lecturer-student relationships on various aspects of student outcomes. Research recommendations suggest that universities actively seek to foster positive lecturer-student relationships through a variety of means. Lecturers should provide motivation by increasing interaction with students outside the classroom to explore students' potential and can provide a better learning experience for students. Lecturers and students can interact with open two-way communication and discussion. Students also need to be motivated to take advantage of the opportunity to interact with their lecturers as part of their learning experience at university.
Effective Programs to Increase Physical Activity Participation and Physical Fitness Levels: A Literature Review
The purpose of this study was to analyze the effective programs for increasing physical activity participation and physical fitness levels. The research method used is a systematic review of articles with the Scopus database. Researchers used the Spider framework whose inclusion criteria were: sample: students or youth; phenomenon of interest focused on programs for students or youth, about programs to increase sports participation and physical activity; survey or experimental research design, evaluation: effectiveness of programs to promote sports participation and physical activity; type of research is basic research. The research results state that the research in the selected articles was conducted with the ultimate goal of improving health and well-being through increasing physical activity. Research primarily focused on increasing, measuring, or understanding physical activity. Other research attempted to identify factors that influence the level of participation or success of physical activity programs. Program recommendations include increasing MVPA among middle school students during indoor classes, designing and implementing not only activities focused strictly on PA but also activities at home, subsequent physical activity interventions, and implementing school policies that encourage walking to and from school at specific distances. Campus programs such as sports clubs, summer programs, and spontaneous sporting events can be a way to increase physical activity participation and fitness in children and adolescents. Sports clubs offer opportunities to pursue specific interests in a supportive and fun atmosphere. Spontaneous sporting events can be designed to be inclusive and accessible to a variety of fitness levels, thereby attracting broader participation.
Spectator Experience at Medium-Scale Sports Events: A Case Study of Unesa Futsal Competition Vol.1
This study aims to examine the audience experience at a medium-scale sporting event through a case study of Unesa Futsal Competition Vol.1. This study was conducted with a quantitative approach through a survey method, using a structured questionnaire given to 30 respondents who attended the event. The main objective of this study was to identify the main factors that influence audience satisfaction and analyze its relationship with the desire to attend similar events in the future. The results showed that the comfort of the venue, cleanliness, security, and event atmosphere were significant factors that shaped the positive audience experience. The majority of respondents stated that they attended to support friends, and generally gave positive responses to the organization of the event which was considered interesting and professional. These findings emphasize the importance of managing service quality and creating a supportive atmosphere to increase audience loyalty at medium-scale events.
Combination of Hitting Drill Interval Training with The Reaction Speed of Table Tennis Athletes
This study aimed to examine the effect of a combination of interval training and hitting drills on the reaction speed of table tennis athletes. The research background is based on the need for table tennis athletes to have high reaction speed in the face of very fast-moving balls, where fast response is one of the main determinants of performance on the court. The study used an experimental method with measurement of reaction speed before and after exercise intervention. The assessment was carried out using an audio-visual whole body reaction test and an anticipation reaction time test to obtain objective reaction speed data. Statistical analysis was carried out with normality, homogeneity and t tests to compare results before and after treatment. The results showed that the combination of interval training and hitting drills significantly increased the reaction speed of table tennis athletes. These findings confirm the importance of integrated and specific training programs to optimize athlete performance, as well as provide recommendations for coaches in designing effective and efficient training programs to increase athlete competitiveness at national and international levels.
Examining Eating Behavior and Exercise Intentions among Gender in University Students
Early adulthood, particularly the student phase, is often accompanied by lifestyle changes that can affect mental and physical health. One concerning phenomenon among students is sedentary behaviour, which is associated with an increased risk of obesity and related diseases. This study aimed to explore eating behaviour and commitment to exercise among university students, as both factors are crucial in promoting a healthy lifestyle and preventing obesity. A descriptive quantitative approach was used, involving 677 (f=522, m=155) undergraduate students selected via random sampling, who completed the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) and the Commitment to Exercise Scale (CES). Data were analysed using multiple linear regression to determine the influence of eating behaviour and gender on exercise intention. Results showed that eating behaviour had a significant positive effect on exercise intention (β = 0.301, p < 0.001), while gender had a significant negative effect (β = –0.621, p < 0.001), indicating that male students tend to have a higher exercise intention than female students. The model explained 20.3% of the variance in exercise intention. These findings highlight the importance of fostering healthy eating habits and addressing gender differences in physical activity commitment among university students.
The Relationship between Teacher Performance Motivation and Learning Outcommes in Physical Education, Sport and Health
This study aims to determine the level of motivation of PJOK teachers in elementary, junior high, high school / MI / MTS / MAN education units in realizing optimal learning strategies and being able to contribute to improving students' physical fitness at school in achieving ideal teaching strategies, both professionally. By using the survey method with participants of MGMP members of PJOK Teachers in Surabaya City, the sampling technique used purposive sampling technique from a population of 30 teachers from a population of 256 PJOK teachers in Surabaya City. Data collection techniques using surveys and questionnaires. Loyalty questionnaire indicators include: work motivation, optimal performance strategies, adherence to regulations, responsibility for regulations, willingness to continue to work professionally, relationships between PJOK teachers, participation of PJOK teachers in special training to increase teacher competence in education units oriented towards physical fitness achievements, professionalism as a PJOK teacher.
Enhancing Fundamental Motor Skills through the Teaching Games Understanding (TGfU) Model
This study examines the effectiveness of the Teaching Games for Understanding (TGfU) model in enhancing fundamental motor skills among elementary school students. A one-group pretest-posttest design involved 42 fifth-grade students who participated in an eight-week TGfU-based intervention. The instructional sessions emphasized tactical awareness, decision-making, and gameplay understanding, aiming to improve locomotor (e.g., running, jumping) and object control (e.g., throwing, catching) skills. Pretest and posttest assessments using the TGMD-2 instrument showed significant improvements in both locomotor and object control domains. Paired sample t-tests indicated substantial gains, with large effect sizes supporting the intervention’s impact (sign. < 0.05). The results suggest that TGfU is a practical pedagogical approach that provides meaningful, game-based learning contexts for motor skill development. These findings highlight the model’s potential as a student-centered strategy in physical education, promoting both skill acquisition and engagement. The study contributes practical insights for educators seeking to enhance physical literacy in school settings.
Teaching Basketball to School-Aged Students: A Systematic Analysis of Instructional Methods in Physical Education
This systematic review examines the instructional strategies applied in teaching basketball to school-aged children within Indonesian physical education (PE) settings. Although traditional methods centered on repetitive drills remain widespread, they often fall short in promoting comprehensive understanding and active student participation. In contrast, contemporary approaches such as Teaching Games for Understanding (TGfU) and Sport Education (SE) prioritize tactical awareness, decision-making, and student engagement, aligning with Indonesia’s educational emphasis on Higher-Order Thinking Skills (HOTS). By reviewing ten highly cited SCOPUS-indexed studies published between 2020 and 2025, this study evaluates the impact of various pedagogical models. The results consistently show that TGfU contributes to improved technical abilities, game comprehension, and student enthusiasm. Moreover, integrating TGfU with unstructured practice or SE produces greater gains in performance and involvement compared to using each method in isolation. These findings provide practical guidance for educators and curriculum designers aiming to enhance basketball teaching through interactive, student-centered learning frameworks
The Effect of Active Learning Method on Students' Physical Fitness in Physical Education and Fitness Lectures
The learning methods used in Physical Education and Fitness courses have an important role in improving students' physical fitness. Active Learning Method (ALM) is an approach that emphasizes students' active involvement in the learning process, which has the potential to improve physical fitness more effectively than conventional methods. However, the limited research on the effectiveness of ALM in the context of physical education is the main reason for the need for a more in-depth study. This study aims to analyze the effect of Active Learning Method on students' physical fitness in Physical Education and Fitness courses. Specifically, this study will compare the level of physical fitness of students who take part in learning with ALM and conventional methods. This research uses a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design. Physical fitness data will be measured using standard parameters of physical fitness, such as cardiovascular endurance, muscle strength, flexibility, and muscle endurance. The targeted outputs of this research include publications in accredited national journals, Active Learning Method-based learning modules for Physical Education and Fitness lectures, and policy recommendations for educational institutions in adopting more effective learning methods. The results of this study are expected to contribute to improving the quality of physical education learning and significantly improving students' physical fitness.
Lived Experiences of Female Collegiate Athletes: Basis for Policy Enhancement
This research explores the lived experiences of female athletes at the collegiate level, with the aim of providing a basis for policy improvement in sport. Women in sport often face complex challenges caused by gender inequality, academic pressures and athletic demands. Through a qualitative case study approach, this research involved ten participants from various sports and conducted semi-structured interviews to explore themes such as support, resource inequality, and the influence of gender stereotypes. Findings showed significant disparities in access to resources and incentives compared to male athletes, as well as the negative impact of gender stereotypes on their self-confidence. However, the presence of a strong support system, both from peers and coaches, was instrumental in maintaining athletes' motivation and well-being. This study recommends policy improvements to support the fulfillment of female athletes' aspirations, including more equitable resource allocation, increased visibility of women's sports, and the provision of mentoring programs and mental health support. With the implementation of these recommendations, it is hoped that institutions can create an environment that empowers female athletes to achieve better, both academically and athletically.
Application of The MFT Method in The Evaluation of The Fitness Level of Menanggal 601 Surabaya Elementary School
The purpose of this study is to use the Multistage Fitness Test (MFT) technique to assess the fitness level of elementary school pupils. The study used secondary data from 20 students (10 males and 10 females) in a descriptive quantitative manner. Based on MFT findings, VO₂max values were computed and examined using Jamovi software. The results showed that both male and female students had moderate to good levels of aerobic fitness, with male students' average VO₂max at 22.2 ml/kg/min and female students at 22.1 ml/kg/min. Male students' VO₂max distribution was more concentrated at higher levels, whereas female students' range was more varied, with some falling into lower categories. These findings bolster the MFT method's usefulness as a trustworthy instrument for assessing students' levels of fitness. The significance of physical fitness in schools is emphasized by this study, which also calls for bigger and more diverse sample sizes in future research to support more general findings on education and health.
The Correlation of Dietary Patterns and Sleep Duration towards The Body Fat Percentage among Pencak Silat Athletes
This study investigates the correlation of dietary patterns, sleep duration, and body fat percentage in Pencak Silat athletes at Universitas Negeri Surabaya (UNESA). Despite an increase in athlete participation in the Pekan Olahraga Mahasiswa Nasional (POMNAS), performance outcomes have remained limited, with only bronze medals earned in recent editions. Elevated body fat percentage can impair strength, endurance, and agility—key components of athletic performance. This cross-sectional study involved 42 athletes (25 males, 17 females; aged 18–22). Dietary patterns were assessed using the Eating Behavior Patterns Questionnaire (EBPQ), sleep duration via the Sleep Timing Questionnaire (STQ), and body fat percentage was measured using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA). Results showed a significant negative correlation of dietary patterns and both total body fat (r = -0.429, p = 0.005) and visceral fat (r = -0.317, p = 0.035), indicating that healthier dietary patterns are associated with lower fat levels. No significant correlation was found of dietary patterns and subcutaneous leg fat (r = -0.213, p = 0.215). Sleep duration showed a stronger negative correlation with total fat (r = -0.746, p = 0.000), visceral fat (r = -0.504, p = 0.001), and subcutaneous leg fat (r = -0.572, p = 0.000), emphasizing the role of adequate sleep in reducing fat accumulation. These findings highlight the importance of balanced nutrition and sufficient sleep in maintaining optimal body composition, which may enhance athletic performance in Pencak Silat.
Analyst Structure and Performance Organization in SMAMDA Futsal Club
This study examines the management of futsal organization at SMAMDA FC to understand how current management practices support team achievement and youth leadership development. The research method is descriptive quantitative with a Likert questionnaire distributed to 25 respondents, including coaches, players, staff, and club managers. The survey results showed that most respondents (76%) stated that each team member knows their duties and responsibilities well, 88% considered the relationship between administrators, coaches, and players to be harmonious, and 80% thought the club's organizational structure was clear and easy to understand. These findings indicate that SMAMDA FC management has been running effectively. It is recommended to prepare a more planned work program, improve cross-team coordination, and provide ongoing training for administrators and club members. Thus, the expected good management of futsal organization can continue to be improved to support the achievements and educational leadership of club members.
The Relationship between Healthy Living Behavior and Stress Level with Student's Quality of Life
In this challenging era, students often face stress due to academic burdens and social demands. In the context of stressful campus life, students often face various challenges that can affect their mental and physical health. The urgency of this study lies in the need to understand how healthy living behaviors can help reduce stress levels and improve the quality of life of college students. This research is important given the increasing rate of mental health problems among college students. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between healthy living behaviors which consist of diet, physical activity, and stress levels and the quality of life of university students. By using survey method, data will be collected from undergraduate students of batch 2023 with Physical Education Health and Recreation study program to evaluate their living habits and its impact on mental health or stress level by using Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS 42) questionnaire. The targeted output of this research is to provide students with more insight into the factors that affect students' quality of life. In addition, this study aims to provide recommendations for more effective education and health institutions and a better understanding of the quality of healthy living behavior. Similarly, the authors hope to increase students' awareness about the importance of healthy living behaviors. Related references that support this research include articles in the Journal of Health Psychology (2020) and the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (2021), which show a positive relationship between healthy living behaviors and quality of life, as well as stress reduction among college students. This research is expected to make a significant contribution to the development of better health policies in academic settings.
Physical Education Motor Skills Test in Primary School in the Last 5 Years: A Systematic Review
The development of a child's movement is an essential period or phase in their growth and development. Movement development becomes an important foundation for a child in gaining good movement effectiveness in the future. This study aims to systematically review some literature that has developed or tested instruments related to movement skills in elementary school students in the last five years. This study is a systematic review study by adopting the Preferred Reported Item for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method in conducting data collection. The researcher used single database as the database of this systematic review research. The data collection process using the PRISMA method integrated with the SCOPUS website, obtained initial identification results of 929 documents. Furthermore, the results of articles that fit the inclusion criteria were 210 articles. The results were sorted and selected again until finally obtaining 10 articles with the most citations. These findings highlight the necessity for a more adaptable methodology in the future development of fundamental movement assessment tools. The proposed instruments should fulfill validity and reliability criteria while also addressing practical considerations, including ease of administration, adaptation to diverse facility settings, and alignment with the requirements of educators in the field.
Motor and Social Responses of Down Syndrome Children in Adaptive Tennis Training
This study aims to explore the involvement of children with Down Syndrome in adaptive tennis training sessions through a descriptive qualitative approach. The method used is direct participatory observation during the training program for two weeks, with a frequency of twice a week. The subjects of the study consisted of children aged 6 to 14 years. Data were collected through structured observation sheets, field notes, video documentation, and light interviews with coaches and parents. The focus of observation was directed at two main aspects, namely motor aspects (coordination, balance, strength, agility, and response to instructions) and social aspects (interaction with coaches and peers, emotional expression, and participation in groups). The observation instrument was developed based on motor development literature such as Life Span Motor Development (Haywood, 2014) and Understanding Motor Development (Gallahue, 2012), with an assessment scale. The results of the study indicate that adaptive tennis training can facilitate the improvement of gross motor skills and social abilities of children with Down Syndrome. This study recommends the use of a similar model in adaptive tennis training activities in clubs, schools and communities.
Evaluation Of The Fitness Level Of Elementary School Students Using Vo2max Through Multi-Stage Fitness Test Methodevaluation Of The Fitness Level Of Elementary School Students Using Vo2max Through Multi-Stage Fitness Test Method
This study evaluates the fitness level of elementary school students by measuring VO2max using the Multi-Stage Fitness Test (MFT) method. A quantitative descriptive design was used with 36 students (20 males and 16 females) participating in the fitness test. The results showed that the average VO2max for male students was 33.7 mL/kg/min, while for female students it was 28.0 mL/kg/min. Both groups were found to be below the ideal fitness category, highlighting a concerning level of physical fitness that may impact their health and cognitive development. Factors influencing fitness levels included physical activity, understanding of nutrition, and the effectiveness of physical education programs. The study underscores the need for structured, engaging physical education initiatives to increase students' participation in physical activity and potentially improve their overall fitness and health outcomes.
Mapping the Future of Indonesian Sports: A Systematic Review of Policy Analysis and Implementation
Sport holds a strategic role in Indonesia’s national development, contributing to public health, community empowerment, and the cultivation of high-performing athletes. In response, the government has introduced various sports policies to enhance public participation and improve the overall quality of sports development. However, despite these efforts, the implementation of sports policies still encounters numerous challenges, including limited financial support, suboptimal management of sports facilities, and weak coordination among stakeholders. This study aims to systematically analyze the development and implementation of sports policies in Indonesia and identify the major obstacles and potential improvements. Using the PRISMA method, a systematic review was conducted based on literature from databases such as Garuda, Google Scholar, and EBSCOhost, covering the period from 2017 to 2025. Ten qualitative studies that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed. The review found that while certain policies have positively influenced public engagement in sports, critical issues remain unresolved. The findings highlight the need for better budgeting, improved infrastructure management, enhanced collaboration between government agencies and sports organizations, and stronger community support. Recommendations include increasing investment in sports, improving facility accessibility and quality, and strengthening inter-agency coordination to achieve sustainable sports development. This review provides evidence-based insights to inform future policy formulation and supports the broader objective of advancing Indonesia’s sports ecosystem.
Petanque Shot Dynamics: Effect of Swing Angle, Speed, and Release Angle at Distances of 6,7,8,9 Meters
This study is supposed to analyze the influence of swing angle, movement speed, and release angle on shooting dynamics at 6, 7, 8, and 9 meters in petanque sport. This study used a non-experimental method with quantitative descriptive approach, on 45 male shooting players at PON XXI pre-qualification national championship. Data were collected utilizing Kinovea software and descriptive and inferential statistical test (bivariate correlation). The results revealed that swing angle back, swing speed, and release angle together accounted for most of the shot outcome at all distances. The efficacy of shooting techniques in reducing distance, with maximum contribution at a distance of 7 meters (R Square 0.920) and minimum at a distance of 8 meters (R Square 0.556). The swing speed and back swing angle are optimal at short throws (6 meters), while the release angle is relatively stable at medium throws (6-7 meters). The current study stresses the necessity for adaptive training to develop skills for acquiring back swing, swing speed, and release in order to improve petanque players' performance under varied throwing conditions.
Evaluation of Fitness Level of Elementary School in Surabaya through MFT Test
This study aimed to evaluate the physical fitness level of elementary school students in Surabaya using the Multistage Fitness Test (MFT). A descriptive quantitative method was applied to 120 students in grades 4-6 with data collection through a 20-meter shuttle run protocol synchronized with bleep audio. VO2Max results were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 to categorize fitness status based on Ministry of Education and Culture standards. The data showed 45% of the sample fell into the “deficient” (VO2Max 25-35 mL/kg/min) and 30% “very deficient” (<25 mL/kg/min) categories, with only 15% reaching the “good” category. Comparative analysis revealed significant differences between male (mean VO2Max 32.7±4.2) and female (28.9±3.8) students. , VO2max in children is a reliable indicator of general health, with lower VO₂max values linked to a higher chance of developing metabolic and cardiovascular disorders in later life. According to research, during childhood and adolescence, VO₂max tends to climb with age, with boys often showing a more noticeable rise than girls. However, research is still being done to determine whether exercise training can help kids increase their VO₂max. Although children can be aerobically trained, the amount of improvement in VO₂max that occurs after physical training is often less than that of adults and depends on a number of factors, including age, maturation, and the particulars of the training regiment. Children's VO₂max is also influenced by a number of clinical, functional, sociodemographic, and behavioral factors, such as motivation, physical activity levels, and cardiac and pulmonary function. The importance of VO₂max as a crucial indicator for pediatric health assessment and intervention is highlighted by the fact that children with chronic illnesses, such as hereditary heart disorders, frequently have much lower VO₂max values than their healthy peers
Sports Nutrition Knowledge among Sub-Elite Finswimming Athletes
Nutrition is crucial for optimal growth and athletic performance, yet Indonesian athletes often underestimate its importance. Studies show no significant differences in dietary attitudes among various levels of athletes, with conflicting findings on the link between nutritional knowledge and performance. Finswimming, governed by the Komite Olahraga Nasional Indonesia (KONI), requires high physical fitness, but many athletes are classified as obese. This highlights the need for better nutrition education to achieve a healthy body mass index. Misconceptions and lack of knowledge about nutrition negatively impact athletes' food choices. This study evaluates finswimming athletes' nutrition knowledge and its correlation with their dietary habits. This study surveyed 30 finswimming athletes in East Java, comprising 13 men and 17 women, using a questionnaire to collect data. Quantitative descriptive analysis was employed to interpret the results, utilizing descriptive statistical methods and Microsoft Excel for data analysis. The study found a significant correlation between nutrition knowledge and dietary intake among finswimming athletes. Advanced trainees had better nutritional knowledge. 80% correctly identified protein sources, but most had low overall nutrition knowledge, especially about consulting nutritionists and fluid intake. The average score of 43 indicates a need for improved nutrition education to enhance performance and health. The study revealed that the respondents had limited nutrition knowledge, particularly about consulting nutritionists and understanding fluid intake, although 80% knew their protein sources. With an average score of 43, there's a clear need for better nutrition education. Improving this knowledge would help athletes make smarter choices, enhancing their performance and overall health.
Correlation Between The Physical Activities and Physical Fitness Towards The Risk Musculoskeletal Disorder Of E-Sport Athletes
This study aims to determine the relationship between physical activity and physical fitness on the risk of musculoskeletal disorders in E-sport athletes PORDA Yogyakarta City. A quantitative research design with a correlational approach was used, with a population of 29 E-sport athletes who are members of the Yogyakarta City PORDA team. Data collection was carried out using validated instruments, such as the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Nordic Body Map, and physical fitness tests such as the Back Strength Test, Hand Grip Test, and 12-minute Cooper test. The results showed that physical activity has a significant relationship with musculoskeletal disorder complaints in several parts of the athlete's body, with a Sig.<0.05 value and a negative correlation between -0.314 to -0.551. Physical fitness also had a significant association with musculoskeletal disorder (Sig.<0.05 and r 0.412-0.544). These findings indicate the importance of physical fitness in preventing musculoskeletal disorders and improving athlete performance. Further research is recommended to examine the effectiveness of physical training programs in reducing the risk of injury and improving the performance of E-sport athletes.
Concentration Exercises for Volleyball Players: A Systematic Review
The purpose of this study is to analyze research on the importance of concentration and concentration training in volleyball players. The research method used is a systematic review of journal articles and proceedings Google Scholar, Scopus, Web Of Science and PubMed databases. Researchers use a framework with inclusion criteria, namely concentration exercises for volleyball players, and exclusion criteria, namely articles published in non-reputable journals in fake journals. The results of this research are volleyball coaches and sports psychologists should encourage players to focus on the target areas that the coach has planned to improve player performance. Good concentration is essential in decision making on the court. In a matter of seconds, a player must evaluate the situation, determine the most appropriate action, and carry it out. This involves quickly processing visual and tactile information, such as the position of opponents and teammates. Players who are able to maintain focus are more likely to make strategic decisions that benefit the team, both in attack and defense.Forms of concentration training for volleyball players based on this study include attention training, drills with visualization and reaction training, mental training and meditation. In addition, adequate rest (sleep) is also an important factor in maintaining player concentration.
Effectiveness Analysis of Phase A Basic Movement Learning in Primary Schools
Proficiency in fundamental movement abilities within physical education significantly contributes to the motor development of primary school-aged children. This period is critical, marked by the maturation of the neuromuscular system and bodily coordination, whereby the acquisition of fundamental motions influences not only physical capabilities but also cognitive, social, and emotional development in children. The Merdeka curriculum, particularly in phase A, aims to enhance fundamental movement skills through a holistic, learner-centered methodology that promotes active engagement via physical activity. Nonetheless, the application of this education in practice frequently encounters challenges, including tedious instructional techniques, inadequate infrastructure, and minimal student engagement. This study seeks to assess the efficacy of fundamental movement learning in phase A within primary schools by identifying facilitating and obstructive elements in meeting learning objectives. The employed methodology is descriptive analytic, utilizing a survey technique and case studies across several elementary schools that have adopted the Merdeka Curriculum. Data collecting methodologies encompass observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. The data were evaluated numerically using descriptive statistics and qualitatively through a thematic approach. The findings of this study are anticipated to provide an empirical contribution to the advancement of physical education science and serve as a foundation for devising more adaptable, contextual, and inclusive learning strategies tailored to the needs and characteristics of early learners.
Effect of Shadow Boxing Exercises on Body Fat Percentage
Obesity is a global health problem which is a condition characterized by excessive body fat percentage that increases the risk of serious health problems, including diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, and sleep apnea. Physical activity (PA) plays a critical role in both preventing and treating obesity by influencing energy balance, metabolic health, and body composition. One form of PA that is shadow boxing exercise. The main objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a six-week shadow boxing exercise program in reducing the BFP of university students. The study was designed as a six-week experimental intervention, involving 67 undergraduate students (20 male, 47 female) 18-20 years old from State University of Surabaya. Participants engaged in a shadow boxing exercise regimen on alternating days. Each session comprised four rounds of four-minute exercises with one-minute breaks between each round, totaling 20 minutes per session. BFP was measured before and after treatment. Data were analyzed using SPSS-26 software, the data were not normally with using the kolmogorov-smirnov method and the data was performed using the wilcoxon signed-rank test. The study started with an average BFP of 28.3164 % then a post-test was conducted after six weeks and resulted in an average BFP of 25.9821 %. Statistically significant reductions in BFP were observed in the sixth weeks (p = 0.000). These findings suggest the potential efficacy of shadow boxing exercises in BFP control and weight reduction strategies among young adults.
The Impact of Naturalization Policy on National Football Team and The Economy
The purpose of this research is to obtain empirical information and solutions regarding the impact of naturalization policies on the ootnational football team, the development of football in Indonesia, and the economic aspects. This research uses Mixed Methods, which is an approach to investigate issues related to behavior, social, and health by rigorously collecting and analyzing quantitative and qualitative data. Quantitative data is obtained from secondary data collected from various sources, while qualitative data is obtained from in-depth interviews with Experts Judgment related to the research issues. The quantitative data presents a comparison of the usage of naturalized players versus local players in the Senior National Team from 2011 to 2025. The Experts Judgment involved in the research includes three coaches who have managed the national team: Jacksen F Tiago, Fakhri Husaini, and Widodo Cahyono Putro, along with a football agent from Indonesia, Gabriel Budi. This research also explores the responses from the public regarding PSSI's policy on the use of naturalized players, as well as data from economic aspects such as national team match ticket sales, broadcasting rights, and merchandise sales. Based on the results of research and discussions among experts, the conclusions of this study can be stated that the policy of naturalizing players: (1) can improve the performance of the national team; (2) has an impact on the economic sector; (3) decreases opportunities for local players to enter the national team; and (4) there is a need for improvement in the governance of national football
I Dewa Made Aryananda WK Made Aryananda WK
Analysis of Self-Efficacy Among PPG Teachers in the Implementation of Physical Education Learning
The high demands for professionalism in education, along with teachers' lack of competence, are linked to an increased prevalence of stress. This study aims to examine the self-efficacy of teachers participating in the Teacher Professional Education (PPG) program. The research utilized a survey method, modifying the National Association for Sport and Physical Education (NASPE) instrument, which was validated with a result of rₕᵢₜ = 0.76 > rₜₐₕ = 0.33, indicating that all items were valid. The reliability test produced an alpha value greater than 0.90, reflecting high reliability. Accidental sampling was employed to select 44 respondents. The results indicated that 81.8% of respondents exhibited positive self-efficacy, while 18.2% displayed negative self-efficacy, with the predominant category being "moderate" at 50%. Further research is recommended to explore the impact of the PPG program through comparative studies among teachers who have not participated, are currently participating, or have completed the program.
Development Of Pencak Silat Learning Model Based On Game Modification To Improve Gross Motor Ability Of Elementary School Children Phase C In Malang City
This study uses a descriptive model that aims to develop an effective, safe, and interesting game-based pencak silat learning model to improve gross motor skills of elementary school children. The method used is a simplified Borg and Gall research and development (R&D) model. The subjects of the study involved fifth grade students from 3 elementary schools in Malang City. The product developed is a module with 11 types of games, namely Silat Arah Ajaib, Squid Game Pencak Silat, Elak Tangkap, Ikuti Gerakanku, Elak Estafet, Silat Ninja, Engklek Ceria, Silat Jump Rope, Guardian of the Secret Gate, Secret Code of Silat, and Tembak Menara. Product validation was carried out by 3 experts, material experts who gave a 100% assessment for clarity, accuracy, suitability, ease, and completeness, but only 75% for attractiveness, so it is recommended to increase the attractiveness of the material. Media experts gave a score of 83% for clarity, 100% for accuracy, ease, and attractiveness, 92% for suitability, and 88% for completeness, with a note that there needs to be improvement in the clarity and completeness of the media. Meanwhile, practitioner experts gave 100% for clarity, accuracy, suitability, ease, and completeness, and 88% for attractiveness, indicating that the module is very feasible to use with slight improvements in the attractiveness aspect. Material, media, and practitioner experts showed an average score above 83% in all aspects. Small and large group trials produced an average student response score above 97% for the indicators of clarity, suitability, accuracy, ease, and attractiveness. The results show that this model is valid and feasible to be applied in PJOK learning, and should be further applied in order to effectively improve students' gross motor skills. In addition, this model introduces pencak silat in a fun, contextual way, and is full of character values such as sportsmanship, cooperation, and courage
Neglected Digital Archiving: An Ideological Critique Towards the Roadmap for Indonesian Education 2025-2045 and Cultural Sustainability
This study critically evaluates the Indonesian Education Roadmap 2025–2045 from the perspective of educational ideology, focusing on the absence of a digital cultural archiving strategy as a foundation for sustaining national identity. In the era of technological advancement, digitizing cultural heritage is essential for intergenerational knowledge transmission. Yet the roadmap emphasizes system efficiency, workforce competencies, and market readiness, while cultural preservation is mentioned only symbolically without operational strategies. Using Norman Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis, the research examines dominant narratives, lexical choices, and silences in the Bappenas document. The findings are contrasted with international frameworks, including UNESCO’s Charter on the Preservation of Digital Heritage (2003) and cultural education policies in South Korea and Japan, which integrate digital cultural archiving into education systems. The analysis shows the dominance of technocratic and neoliberal ideologies, positioning education primarily as an instrument of economic growth rather than as a custodian of cultural memory. This absence undermines the role of education in safeguarding arts, languages, and cultural expressions, leaving them vulnerable in the digital era. The study concludes by emphasizing the urgency of embedding digital cultural archiving in the curriculum, teacher training, and cross-sectoral collaborations to ensure education contributes to both workforce preparation and the preservation of national identity.
The Future of Fine Arts Education in the AI Era: Student Creativity in Developing Visual Learning Media
This article examines the transformation of the role of Fine Arts Education students in developing visual learning media based on Artificial Intelligence (AI). Using a descriptive qualitative approach, the study seeks to capture the meaning, processes, and dynamics of change in art education practices that emphasize creativity and visual expression. The findings show that AI is utilized as a collaborative partner in the creative process, ranging from the creation of illustrations and animations to pedagogically relevant interactive designs. AI not only accelerates media production but also enables the personalization of learning content according to the needs and characteristics of students. In this context, students act as visual curators who combine artistic intuition, digital ethics, and technological skills. However, the integration of AI requires critical digital literacy, ethical awareness, and an understanding of issues such as copyright, algorithmic bias, and social responsibility. In line with these findings, the study highlights four key objectives: (1) enhancing creativity through human–AI collaboration, (2) increasing the efficiency of visual learning media production, (3) creating personalized learning media through the adoption of AI tools, and (5) strengthening critical digital literacy as well as ethical awareness in the use of AI. Therefore, a comprehensive and adaptive fine arts curriculum is essential to equip students with balanced technical and reflective skills in addressing the challenges of the digital era.
Identifying the Distinctive Style of the Novel Utsukushisa to Kanashimin To「美しさと哀しみと」by Kawabata Yasunari Through Narration Style based on Context
Every literary work is uniquely written by its author. Writers also have distinctive styles that are reflected in the elements that shape their novels. Japanese author Kawabata Yasunari, through his novel Utsukushisa to Kanashimi To (UTKT), attracts scholars’ attention for its narrative style, novel elements, and the author’s distinctive style that reveals his thoughts and emotions. This novel is particularly distinguished by its language, which enables readers to visualize a vivid, comprehensive, and persuasive world. The language's distinctiveness and originality in the novel can be examined through linguistic parameters and stylistic studies. The specific purpose of this research is to describe peculiarities of narrating style based on context. This research employed content analysis methods to examine the structural elements and Kawabata's characteristics in the narratives and dialogues of Kawabata's novels. The result shows that the distinctiveness of language use in the UTKT novel is manifested in the diction through the coherent use of elements and Kawabata’s symbolic style. Through this finding, this research contributes to the understanding of language styles that are fundamental in determining the uniqueness of a novel, thus connecting all the characters with their settings.
Assessing Speaking Skills Through E-Assessment: A Systematic Review for Advancing Language Evaluation in Indonesian Language Education
Speaking skill assessment is a vital component of Indonesian language learning; however, its implementation often faces persistent challenges, particularly in capturing the nuances of students’ spoken expressions and vocabulary use. This study proposes an innovative approach by integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a supportive tool for speaking assessment. Drawing on speech recognition technology and natural language processing (NLP), AI enables the automatic recording, transcription, and analysis of learners’ oral performances. Through a literature review of Scopus-indexed sources, this conceptual research examines the application of e-assessment in speaking skills, identifies the technologies and platforms involved, and evaluates both advantages and challenges. Findings suggest that AI-assisted assessment offers significant benefits, including improved objectivity, reduced teacher workload, enhanced time efficiency, and the provision of timely, in-depth feedback. Nonetheless, limitations remain, such as the need for dialect-sensitive models, infrastructure readiness, and adherence to ethical data practices. This study concludes with recommendations for future development, emphasizing contextually relevant AI systems, teacher training, and ethical frameworks to ensure fair, accurate, and culturally responsive speaking assessment in the Indonesian language context.
Rapid 3D Building Mapping Using An iPhone LIDAR Sensor to Support Sustainable Insfrastructure Digitalization in Line with SDGs 9 And 11: A Case Study Of SMP Negeri 2 Bangsal, Indonesia
Technological advancements have driven a shift from manual to automated mapping methods, one of which is through the use of LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) technology. This technology enables fast and accurate three-dimensional (3D) mapping, especially in hard-to-reach areas. In the field of education, accurate spatial data is essential to support the Adiwiyata program, which emphasizes environmentally friendly and sustainable school spatial planning. This study aims to produce a 2D map of the SMP Negeri 2 Bangsal building as part of support for the program. The method used is rapid 3D mapping with a LiDAR sensor on the iPhone 15 Pro Max using a Research and Development (R&D) approach, involving data collection, planning, and development stages. Scanning was conducted dynamically across six zones based on room function. The point cloud data was cleaned using CloudCompare software, then reconstructed into a 3D model and converted into a 2D format using AutoCAD. The results show that mobile LiDAR technology offers a fast, efficient, and reasonably accurate solution for school infrastructure mapping. The resulting map supports green space management and the layout of educational facilities in a more effective and sustainable manner.
Integrated VSD-PLC-HMI Based Speed Control System For Three-Phase Induction Motor In Vertical Drive Applications
This study presents the design and implementation of a speed regulation system for a three-phase induction motor using a Variable Speed Drive (VSD) integrated with a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) and Human Machine Interface (HMI). The system was developed to address the limitations of previous studies, which focused primarily on soft starting or braking functions without real-time control integration. The proposed system enables soft starting, precise speed regulation, and voltage control through real-time frequency adjustments. Under experimental testing, the motor achieved a stable speed of 1500 RPM at 50 Hz, with startup current limited to 0.94 A under no-load and 1.3 A under load conditions. Voltage output was consistently linear, reaching up to 381 V (no-load) and 369 V (with load), indicating reliable performance across the frequency range. Compared to earlier works, this system demonstrates improved integration and feedback responsiveness, making it suitable for industrial applications that require efficient and adaptive motor control.
Performance Analysis of Touch Voltage Protection System Based on Leakage Current
Electrical touch due to leakage current is still one of the causes of occupational safety risks in electric power installations. For this reason, a touch voltage protection system needs to be designed to be able to detect leakage currents quickly and accurately. This research aims to test the performance of touch voltage protection systems both without recloser and with recloser that works automatically. The methods used include designing a protection relay-based system, using a ZMCT103C current sensor as a leakage current detector, and testing the circuit with a variety of resistors and tripping currents between 10-30 mA. The hardware is designed using a combination of incandescent lamp loads and relays, while the software regulates the logic of circuit disconnection and recovery through the recloser. The test results show the average relay disconnection time is in the range of 0.27-0.32 seconds in the system without recloser and 0.24-0.36 seconds in the system with recloser. The current sensor has an average error value of 2% with a standard deviation of 1.6 mA readings. The protection success rate reached 100% in the low resistance leakage current test. In conclusion, the tested touch voltage protection system has a fast, accurate response, and is able to provide effective protection against the risk of electric shock.
Design and Construction of an IoT-Based Motor Vehicle Security Control and Monitoring System with Google Assistant and GPS
The development of Internet of Things (IoT) technology is driving the development of smarter and more integrated motor vehicle security systems. This research designs an IoT-based vehicle control and monitoring system connected to GPS and Google Assistant. The system allows users to track location in real time, control the engine via voice commands, and receive notifications when the vehicle exits a designated zone. Test results show that the response time for Google Assistant and Telegram notifications averages 1–2 seconds, geofencing accuracy reaches ±1–4 meters, and GPS is capable of pinpointing the location based on actual conditions. Furthermore, the vibration sensor proved sensitive, outputting a value of 4095 when detecting vibrations. These findings demonstrate that the system performs reliably in tracking, controlling, and providing alerts, while improving user safety and comfort when accessing the vehicle.
Design and Construction of A Corn Sheller Powered By A Solar Power System With an ESP32 Based Control System in Sukosewu Village Gandusari Subdistrict Blitar Regency
This study aims to design a corn sheller machine based on a solar power generator with an ESP32 microcontroller in Sukosewu Village, Gandusari District, Blitar Regency. The machine uses a 50 Wp solar panel and a 12V 22Ah LiFePO₄ battery as its power source. A 1200W DC-DC Step-Up Converter boosts the voltage to 18V for the DC motor 895, while a DC-DC Step-Down XL4015 lowers it to 5V for the ESP32, INA260 sensor, relay, HX711, and I2C LCD. Test results show the solar panel generates an average of 42.64 Watts per day, requiring about 5 days to charge the battery to 80%. The INA260 sensor shows an average error of 7.74% for voltage, 7.06% for current, and 1.36% for power compared to a digital multimeter, while the Load Cell shows an average error of 0.82 % compared to a digital scale. This device achieves a productivity rate of 7.604 grams per second, while the traditional method only reaches 1.946 grams per second, a difference of 5.673 grams. The average efficiency using the device reaches 77.88%, while the traditional method only achieves 62.74%. These results indicate the device operates efficiently.
Solar Panel System for an Automatic Bird Pest Repellent (Scarecrow) Driven by a DC Motor
Bird pests, especially sparrows, are a major problem for rice farmers as they frequently attack crops nearing harvest. This study aims to design and develop an automatic bird repellent device that utilizes movement and sound generated by a scarecrow driven by a DC motor, with solar panels serving as the primary power source. The system consists of two main components: a control system (Tx) and an execution unit (Rx), connected via a LoRa communication module. A 150 Wp monocrystalline solar panel is used to supply power and charge a 100 Ah LiFePO4 battery as backup. The scarecrow operates in a 22-minute active and 8-minute idle cycle, generating noise using cans filled with stones, designed to mimic a piston mechanism. Test results show the solar panel can produce an average power of 90.06 watts under clear conditions and 64.42 watts during cloudy weather. The scarecrow has an effective reach of up to 45 meters, covering an area of approximately 405 m². This system has proven effective in repelling birds and offers a cost-efficient, environmentally friendly solution to reduce farmers’ reliance on conventional methods and improve crop yields.
Design of a Heart Rate and Blood Pressure Monitoring System Using Telegram with an LM2596 Input Voltage Module
Public health is a collective effort to improve quality of life through disease prevention and promotion of healthy lifestyles. One of the important indicators in maintaining health is blood pressure and pulse rate, as both are closely related to the risk of diseases such as hypertension. This research aims to design a sensor-based health monitoring system that can measure blood pressure using the MPX5050GP sensor and pulse rate with the MAX30100 sensor. The system is also equipped with a buzzer as a warning and a remote data transmission feature via Telegram. The method used is experimental, by comparing the sensor results against standard tools (tensimeter and oximeter) to obtain the percentage error and analyze its feasibility. Results show that the MAX30100 sensor has a low error, between 1,40% to 2,01%, with an average of 1,69% against the pulse oximeter, demonstrating its reliability for real-time pulse monitoring in non- clinical applications. The MPX5050GP sensor also demonstrated high accuracy with systolic error between 0,60% to 2,8% and diastolic between 1,51% to 2,54% against the digital tensimeter. These findings prove that both sensors are feasible to use for personal health monitoring systems. It is hoped that this system can help individuals with unstable health conditions and increase public awareness in controlling health conditions independently and sustainably.
Revit-Based QMTO Optimization as an Efficiency Strategy in Sustainable Construction Practices: A Case Study of the P2 Foundation of the Main Building of the KPwBI Office in Indonesia
Structural work, particularly foundations, is a vital component in building construction projects that demands high accuracy in calculating material quantities. This research aims to optimize the Quantity Material Take-Off (QMTO) process for the P2 foundation type (1500 × 900 × 800 mm) by comparing conventional 2D drawing-based methods with digital methods using Building Information Modeling (BIM) through Autodesk Revit. The research method applied is Research and Development (R&D), which includes stages of data collection, planning, and 3D model development. The analysis results show that BIM Revit can generate more precise digital models and support automated and verifiable QMTO processes. The concrete volume discrepancy between the conventional and Revit methods is −0.180 m³ (−0.926%), the rebar difference is +2066.040 kg (+229.293%), while the number of pile points remains identical. Technical evaluation proves that Revit is capable of detecting actual geometry and detailed structural configurations comprehensively, resulting in more accurate quantity data. The implementation of Autodesk Revit-based BIM has been proven to improve efficiency, material estimation accuracy, and data reliability in structural foundation planning while also supporting the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 9 (industry and infrastructure innovation), SDG 11 (resilient and sustainable construction), and SDG 12 (efficient and responsible material consumption), through automated calculations, error reduction, and transparency of construction material data.
Design And Development Of An Ac Motor Speed Control And Monitoring System Based On Whatsapp Api And Sugeno Fuzzy Logic
As the demand for efficient and accessible automation systems increases, integrating widely used communication platforms such as WhatsApp offers a promising solution for control and monitoring applications. This study proposes the design and implementation of a fan speed control system for an AC motor using the WhatsApp API integrated with Sugeno fuzzy logic. The system automatically adjusts fan speed based on two key parameters: ambient temperature and the estimated number of occupants in the room, enabling adaptive and intelligent control. An experimental approach was employed to evaluate system performance across various operational scenarios, focusing on command execution accuracy, the effectiveness of fuzzy logic rule implementation, and the reliability of anomaly detection through alert generation. Test results demonstrate that the system can execute user commands with high precision and deliver responsive automated actions. Furthermore, the integration of fuzzy logic ensures appropriate fan speed adjustments in dynamic environments. This approach not only improves energy efficiency but also enhances user convenience by utilizing WhatsApp a platform that users are already familiar with as the primary communication interface.
Empowering the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Learning Two-Dimensional Digital Illustration Art for Students of SMK Labschool UNESA
This study explores the empowerment of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology in two-dimensional digital illustration learning at SMA Labschool UNESA. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data were obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation to analyze the impact of AI on the learning process. The findings reveal that AI effectively enhances students' motivation, engagement, as well as creative and technical skills. AI also provides a more interactive, personalized, and efficient learning experience, allowing students to develop their competencies at their own pace. However, AI integration still faces challenges such as limited infrastructure and teacher readiness. This research recommends the need for teacher training, AI-integrated curriculum development, and improved facilities to maximize AI's potential in art learning. The results are expected to serve as a reference for developing technology-based art education innovations in the digital era.
Project-Based Learning to Support Meaningful Learning in Elementary Schools: A Bibliometric Review
One of the current learning problems is that there is still traditional teacher learning that focuses on memorization rather than understanding concepts. This can hinder meaningful learning because students are not invited to link teaching materials with previous experience or knowledge. Project-based learning is one of the options for teachers to overcome the problem of meaningful learning. This study aims to determine the trend of writing project-based learning articles in supporting meaningful learning in elementary schools. The method used is bibliometric analysis. Research data from 72 documents published over the past 23 years, were obtained from the Scopus database. The data is stored in Microsoft Excel as data processing material in VOS viewer software. The trend of writing articles on project-based learning to support meaningful learning in elementary schools has increased significantly from 2021 to 2023. VOS Viewer soft ware mapping analysis has three clusters related to project-based learning to support meaningful learning in elementary schools. Faintly colored themes such as the application of project learning for meaningful learning from the perspective of educators, and approaches taken by teachers in developing learning. The use of games for project-based learning, and implementation in art class rooms are themes that are still rarely researched. These themes can be an opportunity to conduct further research.
Operational Guidebook Development for FTIR Spectrum Two and Rotavapor R-300 Instruments in the Chemistry Research Laboratory, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya
The advancement of modern laboratory instruments has a significant impact on the quality of research in the field of chemistry. The Chemistry Research Laboratory of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMNS), Universitas Negeri Surabaya (UNESA), has important instruments, such as the PerkinElmer FTIR Spectrum Two and the Buchi Rotavapor R-300, but their use still faces obstacles due to the lack of practical guidance that suits the needs of learning and research. This study aims to develop a structured, contextual, and easy-to- understand internal operational guidebook to support the use of both instruments. The research method employed is Research and Development (R&D), adapted from the Borg & Gall model, which consists of five stages: product analysis, initial product development, expert validation, small-scale trials, and large-scale trials. Three expert lecturers conducted validation, while trials were conducted with laboratory assistants and chemistry students. The validation results showed an average score of 4.90 (very valid category). Small-scale trials conducted with laboratory assistants yielded a 100% positive response, while large-scale trials involving students achieved an average of 96% (classified as very practical). practicality observations showed a percentage of 100% for laboratory assistants and 98% for students in the very effective category. Thus, the developed operational guidebook has proven to be valid, practical, and effective, and can support occupational safety, enhance research quality, and strengthen UNESA's role as a leading center for the development of chemical science.
Science Process Skills Profile of First Semester Students in Basic Chemistry Course
A study was conducted to describe the profile of science process skills (SPS) of first-semester students through basic chemistry courses. This information is useful for preparing students early as a foundation that will influence their learning success in the following semester. This is because students must adapt to the campus academic environment that demands high-level skills. The research method used is a mixed method where qualitative data describes the profile of students' SPS and quantitative data is used to process the value data obtained by students through the SPS pretest and posttest. The tools and instruments used to collect data have been validated by experts and received good to very good ratings so they are suitable for use in data collection. The results obtained that student development in SPS based on the N-Gain score at the low, medium and high levels were 5.97%, 70.15% and 23.88%, respectively. The SPS indicators that obtained the lowest to highest scores based on the posttest results, respectively, were creating operational definitions, analyzing, predicting, formulating hypotheses, formulating problem formulations, observing, formulating variables, designing experiments and creating data tables. The results of this study are expected to be the basis for development to prepare students to become competent scientists or practitioners in the future.
The Effectiveness of Learning Media on Atomic Structure Material: A Literature Review
This literature review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of various learning media in facilitating the understanding of atomic structure material in chemistry education. The research was conducted by analyzing 10 research articles published between 20215 and 2025, gathered from SCOPUS and SINTA database. The review identified several innovative learning media that have been implemented, including e-Modules, Animated Videos, and educational Games. An analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of each media revealed a consistent finding: all these innovative media were significantly more effective in improving the learning outcomes of 10th- grade students compared to the use of conventional media like whiteboards. The primary advantage of these innovative media lies in their ability to visualize abstract atomic concepts into more tangible and interactive forms, thereby directly enhancing student comprehension and visual memory. Based on this review, it is concluded that there is a pressing need to develop and adopt chemistry learning media that are not only innovative and practical but also capable of transforming abstract learning into an immersive visual experience, enabling students to more easily understand and remember complex concepts in atomic structure
Utilization of Biomass Extraction Waste for Filter Cartridge Production to Improve Water Quality Based on Total Alkalinity and Total Hardness Parameters
Biomass waste from extraction consists of waste with a relatively high carbon content derived from cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. Despite its potential for conversion into activated carbon to enhance water quality, this waste is rarely utilized. This research aims to investigate the use of biomass waste as activated carbon to improve water quality, specifically focusing on total alkalinity and total hardness metrics. The study employed charcoal produced from previous research, which was applied to water samples collected from Universitas Negeri Surabaya. Alkalinity was measured using acidimetric titration, while hardness was assessed through complexometric titration. The results indicate that Unesa bozem water has an alkalinity level of 240.09 mg/L CaCO3 (high) and a hardness value of 214.71 mg/L CaCO3 (hard). The use of the filter led to a significant reduction in these metrics, with total alkalinity decreasing to 110.33 mg/L CaCO3 (ideal) and hardness reduced to 117.63 mg/L CaCO3 (slightly hard). These findings demonstrate that the activated charcoal produced effectively decreases both total alkalinity and total hardness. Additionally, the production of filter paper from biomass waste charcoal after extraction may be optimized by modifying the activation process to produce different forms of activated charcoal with improved absorption capacity.
The Effectiveness Of Using Interactive Video-Based Media To Improve Motivation In Chemistry Learning: A Literature Review
Electronic learning media can be used for learning purposes, and one form of this media is interactive videos. Using interactive video-based learning media is expected to help improve students' motivation, especially for subjects considered difficult, such as chemistry, which has abstract concepts and a monotonous learning process. The purpose of this research is to find out the effectiveness of interactive video-based learning media in improving motivation in chemistry. The method used in preparing this academic work is the Systematic Literature Review method and the PRISMA method, which focuses on collecting data from literature sources by searching for relevant theoretical references related to improving students' motivation in chemistry using interactive videos. In data analysis, the researcher uses content analysis technique. This technique involves the process of categorizing and analyzing relevant information. Using interactive video-based learning media not only serves as a learning aid in the learning process but also becomes an effective learning resource that can improve students' motivation, especially in the subject of chemistry. The advantages of interactive videos include being engaging, having diverse content, providing interactivity that helps students develop learning skills, and offering wide access to learning materials, which can help overcome students' difficulties in microscopic or complex chemical phenomena.
The Effectiveness of Using Animated Videos as A Learning Medium to Reduce Student Misconceptions About Reaction Rate Material
This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of animated video media in reducing students’ misconceptions about the factors influencing the rate of chemical reactions. The research employed a quasi-experimental design using a One Group Pretest–Posttest approach involving 20 eleventh-grade senior high school students who were identified as having misconceptions through a three-tier diagnostic test. The intervention consisted of remedial instruction utilizing animated video media, followed by a posttest to assess changes in conceptual understanding. The results revealed that the average misconception rate decreased from 65% in the pretest to 21.25% in the posttest, indicating a reduction of 43.75% in the moderate category. Furthermore, the students’ conceptual understanding improved significantly, with an average N-gain score of 0.67, categorized as medium–high. These findings demonstrate that the use of animated videos is effective in facilitating conceptual change and enhancing students’ comprehension of abstract chemical concepts. Therefore, animation-based instructional media can serve as an innovative alternative strategy to address misconceptions and improve the overall quality of chemistry learning.
Profiling Students Scientific Literacy Skills in the Reaction Rate Topic through STEM Based E-LAPD
This study aims to determine the profile of the scientific literacy skills of grade XI MIPA students at SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Surabaya in the reaction rate material assisted by STEM-based E-LAPD. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach, with the main variable being the achievement of student scientific literacy viewed from the competency dimension. The instruments used in this study were a scientific literacy test and a student response questionnaire as part of the pre-implementation activities of STEM based E-LAPD. Based on the results of the questionnaire, information was obtained that 62.5% of students considered the reaction rate material difficult to understand, because the dominant activities were calculating and memorizing. This indicates that students have difficulty in linking abstract concepts to real-life contexts, which should be the main focus of the STEM approach. Students' scientific literacy abilities reviewed from three main competencies showed the following results: 33.3% of students were able to explain scientific phenomena, 16.7% were able to evaluate and design scientific investigations, and 66.7% were able to interpret scientific data and evidence. These findings indicate that students' scientific literacy skills are still low, particularly in evaluation and investigation design competencies, which could be developed through the implementation of STEM-based E-LAPD. Thus, the preliminary results of this study suggest that the integration of STEM-based E-LAPD learning media is essential for improving scientific literacy skills.
Electrochemical Detection of Nitrite Using a Fe₃O₄/Nafion-Modified Gold Wire Electrode
This study presents the development and evaluation of an electrochemical sensor for nitrite detection based on magnetite nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄ NPs) and a Nafion-modified gold wire electrode. Fe₃O₄ NPs were synthesized through an electrolysis route and subsequently characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FE-SEM/EDX). The XRD diffraction pattern is similar to the standard JCPDS card number 19-0629, confirming the structure of Fe₃O₄ NPs. Morphology analysis using FE-SEM revealed Fe₃O₄ NPs with an average size measured to be 123.4 nm. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements demonstrated a high oxidation peak for nitrite detection using the proposed electrode at neutral pH (pH 7). CV analysis towards K3[Fe(CN)6] shows that the proposed electrode gave the highest current peak. The specific surface area of the proposed electrode was found to be 0.149 cm2. Quantitative analysis using CV showed a limit of detection (LOD) of 4.4 ppm. Using the amperometry techniques, the LOD produced was as low as 0.00105 ppm. These findings highlight the potential of the Fe₃O₄ and Nafion-modified gold electrode for sensitive nitrite analysis.
The Effect of Edutainment-Based Chemistry Learning Media on Science Process Skills: A Literature Review
Developing Science Process Skills (SPS) is vital for students, but in chemistry, this process is frequently constrained by abstract concepts and low levels of student engagement. As a solution, this study analyzes and synthesizes various scientific literature. As an alternative, this research conducts an analysis and synthesis of relevant studies to investigate how edutainment-oriented learning media impact SPS. Using a systematic literature review method, various relevant studies from scientific publication database were identified, evaluated, and interpreted. The analysis results show that the majority of studies concluded that edutainment media has a significant positive effect on improving SPS. The effectiveness of this media is proven due to its ability to increase interest and help visualize concepts, thus facilitating the development of more optimal SPS. It can be concluded that edutainment is a very potential approach to address the challenge of chemistry learning at the high school level.
Feasibility Analysis of The Bribin Pump-As-Turbine in Semanu District, Gunungkidul Regency
The 2025–2034 Electricity Supply Business Plan (RUPTL) prioritises the development of renewable energy based on base load technology, such as hydroelectric power plants (PLTA) and pumped storage systems. A similar pumped storage concept was previously introduced through a collaborative initiative between Germany and Indonesia, involving the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) and the University of Giessen. The project, known as Indonesian Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), began in 2004 in the karst region of Gunung Kidul, Special Region of Yogyakarta. This project implemented a pump-as-turbine system in Bribin Cave to supply clean water to rural communities, with financial support from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) within the framework of international collaborative research. However, in 2017, the Bribin PAT system was damaged by Cyclone Cempaka, rendering it inoperable. This study aims to assess the feasibility of revitalising PAT Bribin II through technical and economic analysis, while maintaining the original module design with a module configuration that is estimated to produce a water flow of 100 litres per second. The economic evaluation is based on estimated indicators such as Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR). The findings show that the NPV remains positive and the BCR exceeds one at discount rates of 10%, 11%, 12%, and 13%, indicating the project's feasibility. This analysis confirms that the benefits exceed the costs. Overall, this study shows that the Bribin PAT revitalisation project is financially feasible and is expected to provide a solid foundation for policymakers to increase the benefits of Bribin PAT II in various financing scenarios.
Conceptual Change Strategies to Remediation Chemistry Students' Misconceptions: A Literature Review
Misconceptions are a common problem in chemistry learning, both among students and college students, which can hinder the process of conceptual understanding. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of the Conceptual Change strategy in reducing misconceptions among chemistry students. The research method used was a literature review by examining five national articles published in the last five years with the subject of chemistry education students. The results of the study indicate that the Conceptual Change strategy is effective in reducing misconceptions through various models and approaches. The Conceptual Change model combined with the Three Scientific Questions (CCM-EWTQ) has been proven to be able to help students identify and correct misconceptions on the concept of acid-base indicators. The integration of the Conceptual Change strategy with the recall process also produces positive impacts in the form of increased cognitive conflict, strengthening long-term memory, and reducing the burden of misconceptions. In addition, the development of LKPD and software based on Conceptual Change shows a high level of validity, practicality, and effectiveness in helping shift conceptions from misconceptions to conceptual understanding. A key finding of this study is that Conceptual Change not only functions as a remediation strategy but also plays a role in restructuring conceptual knowledge, strengthening memory, and developing students' critical and scientific thinking skills. Therefore, the Conceptual Change strategy is relevant for improving the quality of chemistry learning in higher education.
Improving Student Understanding and Edupreneurship Based on Analytical Chemistry Student Activity Sheets (SAS) Closed Case Study
Policies regarding key performance indicators of State Universities continue to be encouraged to implement problem-based and collaborative learning. Therefore, innovation in learning is needed with learning methods that empower the role of students (student-centered learning), one of which is case-based (closed case study). In line with the Vision and Mission of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, The State University of Surabaya for the 2021-2025 period, one indicator is the implementation of research-based education characterized by edupreneurship. The purpose of this research is to improve the understanding and edupreneurship of undergraduate chemistry education students. Treatment to achieve this goal is case study-based learning (closed case study) assisted by student activity sheets (SAS) on analytical chemistry. The research sample was 20 undergraduate Chemistry Education students from the 2023 batch of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Unesa. The research followed a quasi-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design. The variables in this study were evaluated using an assessment instrument for student understanding of analytical chemistry, questionnaire responses to closed cased study learning, and the edupreneurship attitude variables used are (1) self efficacy, (2) tenacity, (3) courage in making decisions, (4) creativity, and (5) independence.. Data on changes in conceptual understanding were then explained descriptively as an introduction and reinforced using inferential analysis using the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test because the population was known to be non-normally distributed (0.006 < 0.05). The results showed a significant change in students' understanding of analytical chemistry (basic chemical separation concepts) before and after learning (Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) value 0.00< 0.05). This achievement is in line with the results of the respondent questionnaire, which showed that more than 80% stated that learning based on closed case studies and edupreneurship can increase understanding and edupreneurship attitude on the variable self-efficacy, courage in making decisions and independence.