Trapped in Vulnerability: Post-Lapindo Disaster Relocation and Challenge of Achieving SDGs 8 on Decent Work and Growth

Abstract

This study examines the socioeconomic impacts of the Lapindo mudflow disaster, which occurred in 2006 and caused the loss of homes, agricultural land, and livelihoods in Sidoarjo Regency. In response, the government implemented relocation and compensation policies under Presidential Regulation Number 14 of 2007. However, the extent to which these policies have supported the long-term economic sustainability of affected residents remains uncertain. This study aims to evaluate the socioeconomic conditions of Lapindo mudflow victims living in the Renojoyo Housing Complex, the primary relocation site for affected communities. The study employed a qualitative approach using field observations, in-depth interviews, and a literature review. Data were collected from three key informants: two residents and one neighborhood association (RW) leader. The findings show that most residents experienced declining incomes, lost permanent employment, and shifted to the informal sector, particularly daily labor and small-scale businesses. Limited access to skills training, the small number of local MSMEs, and dependence on government assistance have contributed to new forms of economic vulnerability.The novelty of this study lies in proposing an integrated post-disaster economic recovery framework that combines macro- and micro-level strategies, including targeted capital assistance, training based on local potential, and stronger community–government coordination. This framework promotes participatory relocation and supports the achievement of SDGs 8 through inclusive and sustainable economic recover.