Analisis Jam Kerja Berlebih dalam Siklus Usia Pekerja Indonesia: Analisis Tahun 2020–2025

Abstract

Excessive working hours remain an important labor issue because prolonged working time can reduce workers’ recovery time and negatively affect their health and well being. This study aims to analyze the pattern of excessive working hours among Indonesian workers across age groups during 2020-2025 and idently changes in the groups with the highest proportion of excessive working hours. This study employs a quantitative approach using secondary data from Statistic Indonesia (BPS) for the population aged 15 years and over who were working in Indonesia. Excessive working hours are defined as working 55 hours or more per week. The data were analyzed descriptively by calculating the proportion of workers with excessive working hours across age groups and year. The findings show that the proportion of workers working 55 hours or more increased from 17.94% in 2020 to 19.22% in 2024, before declining to 18.32% in 2025. The highest proportions were concentrated among workers aged 30-49 years, with the 45-49 age group recording the highest proportion in 2025 at 20.65%. the decomposition results indicate that changes in excessive working hours were mainly driven by changes within age groups rather than changes in the age composition of workers. This study is limited to secondary aggregate data and descriptive analysis. Futrher research is needed to examine the determinants of excessive working hours at the individual and occupational levels. The findings impl the need for policies that monitor working hours while considering workers age and the large informal employment sector.