Implementation of Medical Hazardous and Toxic Waste Management Regulations in Hospitals
Keywords:
Environment, Hazardous waste, Hospitals, Law policy, Medical wasteAbstract
The rapid growth of hospital facilities has given rise to a new problem in the form of a surge in the volume of untreated hazardous and toxic (B3) medical waste. This study aims to examine the implementation of legal policies on B3 waste management in hospitals based on empirical data and national regulatory frameworks. The research employs a qualitative analysis related to legal norms. The main findings indicate that the management of B3 medical waste in hospitals faces obstacles at various stages, including collection, segregation, storage, transportation, and disposal. Prominent issues include the low capacity of self-managed waste treatment facilities, overlapping regulations, dependence on third parties, and weak monitoring and control of illegal dumping. Moreover, some hospitals still rely on conventional waste management methods, while the implementation of incinerators and new technologies is hindered by licensing and investment costs. The application of the waste management hierarchy principle and region-based management efforts are considered ineffective due to a lack of outreach, incentives, and training for staff. The implications of these issues extend to a decline in service quality, increased risk of disease transmission, environmental problems, and obstacles to achieving hospital accreditation. The results of this study are expected to serve as a reference for establishing new policies and developing more adaptive, participatory, and responsive models for B3 medical waste management, while promoting healthy and environmentally friendly healthcare services.
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