What Constitutes Islamic Entrepreneurial Behavior? A Systematic Literature Review of Dimensions and Theories
Keywords:
Islamic entrepreneurial behavior, Islamic entrepreneurship, Shariah compliance, Islamic business ethics, systematic literature reviewAbstract
What constitutes Islamic entrepreneurial behavior (IEB) remains conceptually unsettled, as the literature employs inconsistent labels, including Islamic business ethics, Shariah-compliant business practice, and halal entrepreneurship, without a unified dimensional framework. This study addresses this fragmentation by systematically mapping the dimensions of IEB and identifying the theoretical perspectives most frequently used to explain the construct. A systematic literature review following the PRISMA protocol was conducted using the Scopus database. The search applied Boolean combinations of terms related to Islamic and Muslim entrepreneurship, business behavior, ethics, and Shariah compliance, limited to articles and reviews published between 2016 and 2026. The search identified 116 records, which were reduced to 51 after title and abstract screening. Full-text assessment included 49 accessible articles, while two additional studies were synthesized from publicly available abstracts. Thematic analysis revealed five recurring dimensions of IEB: Shariah compliance, Islamic business ethics, Islamic social responsibility, tawhidic integration, and Islamic accountability. The review also found that religiosity is predominantly conceptualized as an antecedent or moderating variable rather than as an intrinsic behavioral dimension. Theory of Planned Behavior and the Resource-Based View emerged as the dominant theoretical foundations. These findings provide a comprehensive dimensional map that supports future construct refinement, measurement development, and empirical research on Islamic entrepreneurial behavior among Muslim-owned micro and small enterprises.
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